Bulletin n. 3/2014 | ||
February 2015 | ||
Thea Dukes and Herman Van der Wusten |
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Hesitant Europeanisation: two decades of practice in two city governments | ||
in Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie (Journal of Economic & Social Geography) , Volume 105, Issue 5, December , 2014 , 630-635 | ||
Like many other cities in Europe, from the early 1990s, Amsterdam and The Hague have over time intensified their EU engagement. In both cities there has been a switch from a view on Europe as problem solver, threat or duty, towards Europe as a means of profiling and identity building, as reflected in a change from passive towards active behaviour vis-à-vis Europe. Whereas European activities initially were rather a formal practice, they have finally been put on the local political agendas. At the same time, this process of Europeanisation seems to fare under the aegis of a wider process of internationalisation. The basic driving force is not aimed at Europe at all. | ||